<?php
// CSRFP.php
// Created: 2021-06-11
// Updated: 2023-07-21

namespace Index\Security;

use Index\Serialisation\UriBase64;

/**
 * Contains a mechanism for validating requests.
 */
class CSRFP {
    private const TOLERANCE = 30 * 60;
    private const EPOCH = 1575158400;
    private const HASH_ALGO = 'sha3-256';

    private const TIMESTAMP_LENGTH = 4;
    private const NONCE_LENGTH = 8;
    private const HASH_LENGTH = 32;

    private string $secretKey;
    private string $identity;
    private int $tolerance;

    /**
     * Creates a new CSRFP instance.
     *
     * @param string $secretKey Secret key for HMAC hashes.
     * @param string $identity Unique identity component for these tokens.
     * @param int $tolerance Default amount of time a token should remain valid for.
     * @return CSRFP New CSRFP instance.
     */
    public function __construct(
        string $secretKey,
        string $identity,
        int $tolerance = self::TOLERANCE
    ) {
        $this->secretKey = $secretKey;
        $this->identity = $identity;
        $this->tolerance = $tolerance;
    }

    private static function time(int $time = -1): int {
        return ($time < 0 ? time() : $time) - self::EPOCH;
    }

    private function createHash(int $time, string $nonce): string {
        return hash_hmac(self::HASH_ALGO, "{$this->identity}!{$time}!{$nonce}", $this->secretKey, true);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a token string.
     *
     * @param int $time Timestamp to generate the token for, -1 (default) for now.
     * @return string Token string.
     */
    public function createToken(int $time = -1): string {
        $time = self::time($time);
        $nonce = random_bytes(self::NONCE_LENGTH);
        $hash = $this->createHash($time, $nonce);

        return UriBase64::encode(
            pack('V', $time) . $nonce . $hash
        );
    }

    /**
     * Verifies a token string.
     *
     * @param string $token Token to test.
     * @param int $tolerance Amount of seconds for which the token can remain valid, < 0 for whatever the default value is.
     * @param int $time Point in time for which to check validity for this time.
     * @return bool true if the token is valid, false if not.
     */
    public function verifyToken(string $token, int $tolerance = -1, int $time = -1): bool {
        if($tolerance === 0 || empty($token))
            return false;
        if($tolerance < 0)
            $tolerance = $this->tolerance;

        $token = UriBase64::decode($token);
        if(empty($token))
            return false;

        $unpacked = unpack('Vts', $token);
        $uTime = (int)$unpacked['ts'];
        if($uTime < 0)
            return false;

        $uNonce = substr($token, self::TIMESTAMP_LENGTH, self::NONCE_LENGTH);
        if(empty($uNonce))
            return false;

        $uHash = substr($token, self::TIMESTAMP_LENGTH + self::NONCE_LENGTH, self::HASH_LENGTH);
        if(empty($uHash))
            return false;

        $rTime = self::time($time);

        return ($rTime - ($uTime + $tolerance)) < 0
            && hash_equals($this->createHash($uTime, $uNonce), $uHash);
    }
}